On November 7th, the birthday of physicist Marie Curie, we also observe European Radon Day. Radon, a radioactive gas, can increase the risk of lung cancer when present in high concentrations. The Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) recommends measuring radon levels in indoor spaces to ensure safety.
Radon Indoors: A Significant Health Risk
Radon can pose significant health risks indoors. On European Radon Day, the LfU advises measuring radon levels in homes and workplaces. The Federal Office for Radiation Protection warns that long-term exposure to radon and its radioactive decay products increases the risk of lung cancer. After smoking, radon is one of the leading causes of lung cancer in Germany, responsible for about five percent of lung cancer deaths.
Where is Radon Found?
Radon is a radioactive noble gas that forms in the soil from the decay of natural uranium. Radon concentrations vary by region. In Germany, levels are generally low in the north but higher in the central highlands and the Alpine foothills.
How to Measure Radon?
Radon cannot be seen, smelled, or tasted. However, its concentration indoors can be measured using special devices called dosimeters. Experts recommend placing these devices in at least two frequently used rooms, ideally on the ground floor or in the basement, for a year. A measuring device costs around 30 euros. After the measurement period, the devices can be sent back for data analysis.
Actions for High Radon Concentration
The guideline value for radon is 300 becquerels per cubic meter of air. If levels exceed this, affected rooms should be ventilated frequently and thoroughly. This often helps because radon-laden soil air can enter buildings through cracks or leaky joints. Additional measures include sealing leaks and installing ventilation systems.
Radon Precautionary Areas in Germany
For about three years, Germany has had special radon precautionary areas with additional protective regulations. High radon concentrations are expected in these areas, and special rules apply, such as for new buildings and workplaces. In Bavaria, the Wunsiedel district in the Fichtelgebirge is one such precautionary area. Employers are required to conduct radon measurements at workplaces.
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